Skip to content

Methodology · updated 10 Oct 2026

The 32 checks in every audit.

Every audit runs the same checks in six areas. Each finding in your report links back to one of them, with the standards it relates to. We publish the list so you know exactly what you're buying.

ABCDEF
MCP
Agentic
ATLAS
SOC 2
ISO
32 checks × 5 frameworksmappedno matching item yet
A

Identity and tokens

Who is calling, with which token, issued by whom, for what.

A1

Server metadata and discovery

The server publishes protected-resource metadata that points to the right authorization server, and discovery doesn't expose internal hosts.

OWASP MCP
MCP07
OWASP Agentic
ASI03
MITRE ATLAS
T0132T0049
SOC 2
CC6.1CC6.6
ISO 27001
A.8.5A.8.9A.8.26

A2

Token audience is checked

Tokens are accepted only if they were issued for this server. Tokens for other services are rejected.

OWASP MCP
MCP07MCP01
OWASP Agentic
ASI03
MITRE ATLAS
T0091.000T0012
SOC 2
CC6.1CC6.6
ISO 27001
A.5.17A.8.3A.8.5

A3

No token passthrough

The server never forwards the client's token to other APIs. It uses its own credentials or a token exchange.

OWASP MCP
MCP01MCP07
OWASP Agentic
ASI03
MITRE ATLAS
T0091.000
SOC 2
CC6.1CC6.3CC7.2
ISO 27001
A.5.15A.5.17A.8.5

A4

Consent on proxy servers

A proxy server with one static client ID asks each user to consent per client, so a malicious client can't reuse someone else's consent.

OWASP MCP
MCP07MCP02
OWASP Agentic
ASI03
MITRE ATLAS
T0011.003T0091.000
SOC 2
CC6.1CC6.2CC6.3
ISO 27001
A.5.15A.5.18A.8.5

A5

Client registration and redirects

Client metadata documents, any dynamic registration and redirect URIs are matched exactly, and metadata fetches can't be turned into SSRF.

OWASP MCP
MCP07
OWASP Agentic
ASI03
MITRE ATLAS
T0049T0106
SOC 2
CC6.1CC6.6
ISO 27001
A.8.20A.8.26A.8.28

A6

Issuer validation

Clients and servers check the issuer of tokens and authorization responses, which blocks authorization-server mix-up attacks.

OWASP MCP
MCP07
OWASP Agentic
ASI03
SOC 2
CC6.1
ISO 27001
A.8.5A.8.26

A7

Token lifetime and rotation

Access tokens are short-lived. Refresh tokens rotate, are kept confidential, and can be revoked.

OWASP MCP
MCP01
OWASP Agentic
ASI03
MITRE ATLAS
T0091.000T0055
SOC 2
CC6.1CC6.2
ISO 27001
A.5.17A.8.5

A8

Sessions and state handles

Session IDs or state handles are random, bound to the user, and never treated as proof of who is calling.

OWASP MCP
MCP07
OWASP Agentic
ASI03
MITRE ATLAS
T0091.001T0113
SOC 2
CC6.1CC6.6
ISO 27001
A.8.5A.8.26

A9

Agent identity and secrets

Each agent and server has its own identity, and secrets live in a vault rather than in config files, prompts or environment dumps.

OWASP MCP
MCP01MCP07
OWASP Agentic
ASI03
MITRE ATLAS
T0083T0055T0098
SOC 2
CC6.1CC6.2CC6.3
ISO 27001
A.5.16A.5.17A.8.24
B

Scopes and least privilege

What each tool is allowed to do versus what it needs.

B1

Requested vs used vs needed

For every tool we measure the permissions it asks for, the ones it uses and the ones it needs. This produces the scope map and the least-privilege score.

OWASP MCP
MCP02
OWASP Agentic
ASI03ASI02
MITRE ATLAS
T0053
SOC 2
CC6.3CC6.2
ISO 27001
A.5.15A.5.18A.8.2

B2

Wildcard and all-access scopes

No wildcard, admin or "full access" scopes where a narrower scope would do the job.

OWASP MCP
MCP02
OWASP Agentic
ASI03
MITRE ATLAS
T0053T0091.000
SOC 2
CC6.3
ISO 27001
A.5.15A.8.2A.8.3

B3

Step-up consent

Riskier actions ask for extra scope or approval when they are first needed, not all at once at install.

OWASP MCP
MCP02MCP07
OWASP Agentic
ASI03ASI09
MITRE ATLAS
T0053
SOC 2
CC6.1CC6.3
ISO 27001
A.8.2A.8.5

B4

Per-tool and per-record authorization

Each tool checks that this user may act on this specific record, not just that they are signed in.

OWASP MCP
MCP07MCP02
OWASP Agentic
ASI03ASI02
MITRE ATLAS
T0053T0085.001
SOC 2
CC6.1CC6.3
ISO 27001
A.5.15A.8.3

B5

Tenant isolation

A user in one customer account can't read or change another account's data through any tool.

OWASP MCP
MCP10MCP07
OWASP Agentic
ASI03ASI06
MITRE ATLAS
T0057T0085
SOC 2
CC6.1C1.1
ISO 27001
A.8.3A.8.22

B6

Connector inventory

You know every MCP server and connector your agents can reach, and unknown servers are blocked.

OWASP MCP
MCP09
OWASP Agentic
ASI04
MITRE ATLAS
T0132T0103
SOC 2
CC6.1CC7.1
ISO 27001
A.5.9A.8.9
C

Tool design and injection

Whether text from the outside world can steer tools.

C1

Poisoned tool descriptions

Tool names and descriptions contain no hidden instructions, and descriptions from third-party servers are reviewed before use.

OWASP MCP
MCP03
OWASP Agentic
ASI01ASI02ASI04
MITRE ATLAS
T0110.000T0011.002
SOC 2
CC6.8CC9.2
ISO 27001
A.5.21A.8.7

C2

Tools that change after approval

Tool definitions are versioned. A change after users approved them is announced and approved again.

OWASP MCP
MCP03MCP04
OWASP Agentic
ASI04
MITRE ATLAS
T0109T0010.005
SOC 2
CC8.1CC7.1
ISO 27001
A.5.22A.8.32

C3

Look-alike and shadowing tools

No two connected servers expose tools with names that could be confused, so one server can't hijack calls meant for another.

OWASP MCP
MCP03MCP09
OWASP Agentic
ASI04ASI02
MITRE ATLAS
T0074T0115.002
SOC 2
CC6.8CC9.2
ISO 27001
A.5.19A.5.21

C4

Prompt injection into tool calls

Text from documents, tickets, emails or web pages can't make the agent call a risky tool.

OWASP MCP
MCP06MCP03
OWASP Agentic
ASI01ASI02
MITRE ATLAS
T0051.001T0053T0099
SOC 2
CC6.1CC6.8CC7.2
ISO 27001
A.8.26A.8.28

C5

Bugs in tool code

Tool handlers are tested for command injection, SQL injection, path traversal and server-side request forgery.

OWASP MCP
MCP05
OWASP Agentic
ASI05ASI02
MITRE ATLAS
T0050T0049
SOC 2
CC7.1CC8.1
ISO 27001
A.8.8A.8.28A.8.29

C6

Human confirmation

Destructive or bulk actions such as delete, send, pay and export need an explicit confirmation from the user.

OWASP MCP
MCP02MCP06
OWASP Agentic
ASI02ASI09
MITRE ATLAS
T0101T0053
SOC 2
CC6.3CC8.1
ISO 27001
A.5.3A.8.2

C7

Local transport risks

Local servers bind to localhost, validate the Origin header and resist DNS rebinding.

OWASP MCP
MCP07MCP09
OWASP Agentic
ASI05
MITRE ATLAS
T0112.000T0078
SOC 2
CC6.1CC6.6
ISO 27001
A.8.1A.8.20A.8.27

C8

Trust between agents

When one agent calls another, each one checks what the caller is allowed to ask for and doesn't pass its own token along.

OWASP MCP
MCP07MCP10
OWASP Agentic
ASI07ASI08ASI10
MITRE ATLAS
T0051.001T0080
SOC 2
CC6.1CC6.6CC6.7
ISO 27001
A.5.14A.8.5
D

Data exposure

What data leaves the server, and where it can end up.

D1

Tools return only what's needed

Tool responses include only the fields the task needs, not whole records with personal data.

OWASP MCP
MCP10
OWASP Agentic
ASI02
MITRE ATLAS
T0057T0085.001
SOC 2
C1.1CC6.7
ISO 27001
A.5.34A.8.11A.8.12

D2

Memory and retrieval leaks

Memory, caches and retrieval indexes are separated per user and per tenant.

OWASP MCP
MCP10
OWASP Agentic
ASI06
MITRE ATLAS
T0057T0080.000T0070
SOC 2
CC6.1C1.1
ISO 27001
A.5.34A.8.3A.8.11

D3

Ways to get data out

The agent can't be tricked into sending data out through links, images, files or outbound tools.

OWASP MCP
MCP10MCP06
OWASP Agentic
ASI01ASI02
MITRE ATLAS
T0086T0077
SOC 2
CC6.7CC7.2
ISO 27001
A.5.14A.8.12A.8.23

D4

Prompt and config leakage

System prompts, tool configuration and keys can't be read back by users or other tools.

OWASP MCP
MCP01MCP10
OWASP Agentic
ASI03
MITRE ATLAS
T0056T0084T0083
SOC 2
C1.1CC6.1
ISO 27001
A.5.17A.8.9A.8.12
E

Logging and limits

Whether you can see, limit and stop what agents do.

E1

Audit trail for every tool call

Every tool call is logged with the user, client, tool, arguments and result size, and logs can't be edited by the agent.

OWASP MCP
MCP08
OWASP Agentic
ASI10ASI08
MITRE ATLAS
T0092
SOC 2
CC7.2CC7.3
ISO 27001
A.8.15A.8.16A.8.17

E2

Limits, alerts and a kill switch

Rate limits, spend limits and alerts are in place, and you can switch an agent off quickly.

OWASP MCP
MCP08
OWASP Agentic
ASI10ASI08ASI02
MITRE ATLAS
T0034.002T0029
SOC 2
CC7.2CC7.3CC7.4A1.1
ISO 27001
A.5.24A.5.26A.8.6A.8.16
F

Supply chain

Where servers come from and how they're isolated.

F1

Provenance and version pinning

Servers and packages come from known sources at pinned versions, so a silent update can't change behaviour.

OWASP MCP
MCP04MCP09
OWASP Agentic
ASI04
MITRE ATLAS
T0010.005T0109T0111
SOC 2
CC9.2CC8.1CC6.8
ISO 27001
A.5.19A.5.21A.8.19A.8.32

F2

Sandboxing

Servers that run code or touch files run in a sandbox with the least operating-system and network access they need.

OWASP MCP
MCP05MCP04
OWASP Agentic
ASI05
MITRE ATLAS
T0105T0112.000
SOC 2
CC6.1CC6.6CC6.8
ISO 27001
A.8.22A.8.27

F3

Code and dependency scans

Custom servers get static analysis and dependency checks, with findings tracked to a fix.

OWASP MCP
MCP04MCP05
OWASP Agentic
ASI04ASI05
MITRE ATLAS
T0010.001T0011.001T0110.001
SOC 2
CC7.1CC8.1
ISO 27001
A.8.8A.8.25A.8.28A.8.29

OWASP MCP Top 10 (beta)

  • MCP01Token Mismanagement & Secret Exposure
  • MCP02Privilege Escalation via Scope Creep
  • MCP03Tool Poisoning
  • MCP04Software Supply Chain Attacks & Dependency Tampering
  • MCP05Command Injection & Execution
  • MCP06Intent Flow Subversion
  • MCP07Insufficient Authentication & Authorization
  • MCP08Lack of Audit and Telemetry
  • MCP09Shadow MCP Servers
  • MCP10Context Injection & Over-Sharing

OWASP Agentic Top 10 (2026)

  • ASI01Agent Goal Hijack
  • ASI02Tool Misuse & Exploitation
  • ASI03Identity & Privilege Abuse
  • ASI04Agentic Supply Chain Vulnerabilities
  • ASI05Unexpected Code Execution
  • ASI06Memory & Context Poisoning
  • ASI07Insecure Inter-Agent Communication
  • ASI08Cascading Failures
  • ASI09Human-Agent Trust Exploitation
  • ASI10Rogue Agents

MCP spec revisions we test against

  • 2025-06-18MCP servers become OAuth resource servers; audience checks and no token passthrough
  • 2025-11-25Client ID metadata documents, step-up authorization, SSRF and Origin rules
  • 2026-07-28Issuer validation, stateless transport, dynamic registration deprecated

Notes

  • MITRE ATLAS IDs are from release 2026.09. Issuer mix-up, resource metadata and trust between your own agents have no matching ATLAS technique yet.
  • SOC 2 and ISO 27001 items show relevance to a control, not a pass or fail. That's your auditor's call.
  • We re-check the spec and these lists before every audit.

Find out what your agent can really do.

Thirty minutes, no slides. Tell us what your agent or app touches and when you need an answer. You'll have a fixed-price proposal within a working day.